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Dr Hoi K. Suen at Penn State has written some papers analyzing the history and psychometry of the Chinese Keju civil service exam. It dates from Imperial China (pre 20th century) and was required for anyone wanting a civil service position.
Anyway, the administration of this exam lasted centuries, so there's some interesting data to be looked at from a pedagogical point of view if you're interested.
http://suen.ed.psu.edu/~hsuen/papers.html
If anyone knows more about Dr. Suen's work, I would love to hear comments about it.