ANGEL Testing Team
From ETS
Charge
Innovative Uses of ANGEL Quizzing Team
Comprised of instructors and instructional support staff from around Penn State, the ANGEL Quizzing Team is exploring new and powerful ways to use ANGEL Quizzes. In particular, the team identified several potential areas of growth regarding the use of ANGEL quizzes. These areas include the opportunity for instructors to (1) increase the use of question banks and question pools, e,g, materials from publishers, (2) incorporate third party applications such as Captivate and Softchalk, and (3) embed multimedia files (images, sounds and movie clips) into quiz questions.
The team is compiling this information and intends to share this with instructors and support staff throughout the university via publications, virtual presentations, and video tutorials. We'll use the ETS marketing team to promote these events. Some of our avenues for promoting quiz use include:
Town Hall Meetings. These are open forums facilitated by ANGEL support staff within ITS. The town hall is held via Connect and is available to all the campuses. Town Halls focus on a single topic thus allowing for in depth discussion. These events are recorded and posted on the ANGEL Community Hub. To date our Town Hall recordings have been viewed over 4,500 times.
ANGELshorts. These are one-page documents covering a specific point of interest in ANGEL. They cover the five most essential things you need to know about the topic in order to maximize its use. To date we have published 10 ANGELshorts and they have been viewed over 5,000 times.
Video Tutorials. This is a new feature we plan to do this year in conjunction with the publication of the ANGELshorts. These will be brief tutorials, approximately 2 to 3 minutes in length, focusing on the "how to" component, For example, there could be a video tutorial on how to upload questions from a textbook publisher into ANGEL.
We plan to begin these events after the upgrade to version 7.2 on July 19. Most likely we will start around the middle of August when faculty are back in town and preparing for the semester.
Members
- Jeff Swain - Education Technology Services, Chair
- Akbar Khouzani, Multimedia Specialist, AgSci
- Stephen Hopkins, Faculty, Music
- Suzanne Weinstein, Research Associate, Schreyer Institute
- Wendy Mahan, Instructional Designer, HHD
- Elizabeth Pyatt, Instructional Desinger, ETS
- Vicki Williams, Assessment Specialist, ETS
- Yvonne Clark, Instructional Designer, ETS
- Carol McQuiggan, Instructional Designer, HBG
- Suzanne Shaffer, Instructional Designer, York
Meeting Times and Location
We're reconvening with weekly meetings beginning June 30th. I've scheduled 210B for an hour every Monday morning through the end of September (9:30-10:30).
- 210 B Rider Building Conference Room or
- via Adobe Connect at ANGEL Testing Team
- Every Monday beginning June 30 through the end of September (9:30-10:30)
Proposed Deliverables
The plan is to have two deliverables over the fall semester.
1) An ANGELshort
- Potentially a series of shorts
- One on the pedagogical use of quiz settings
- When to use time limits?
- When to use start/end dates?
- When to randomize questions and answers?
- When to use images and/or multimedia in questions?
- Two on question types. Published simultaneously
- What are the pedagogical uses for each question type?
- One on the pedagogical uses of quizzes
- How can they be used for mastery learning?
- Mastery Learning/Mastery Quizzes (from ANGEL one-pager "How to: Create and Use ANGEL Quizzes")
- How can they be used for mastery learning?
- One on the pedagogical use of quiz settings
What: Mastery Learning is the idea that students will learn best if they fully understand, or master, one concept before going on to the next. The quiz feature in ANGEL can be used to apply the mastery learning concept.
Method: Give students learning experiences (in class learning, reading assignment, homework, etc.) followed by a quiz to assess their learning. If they haven't "mastered" the concept (i.e., if they don't reach a certain score, such as 85%), they can have additional learning experiences (such as reviewing textbook material) and re-take the quiz. Grading can be accomplished for this in various ways - a student could receive a certain point value (such as 5 points) once they have reached the required percentage. You can determine if you will count the student's latest score, or their highest score out of all attempts. Often, faculty members utilizing the mastery quizzing concept decide to have the highest score (or the "maximum submission") count. [This could be achieved via Action Editor.]
Tip: In order for Mastery Quizzing to be successful, it is recommended that you carefully choose the feedbqack you give to the students. It is recommended that you show them what answer they chose and provide feedback comments that will refer them back to a certain area of the text, or give them a hint to help in their understanding of the concept. However, it is recommended that you do not reveal to them what the correct answer actually is - the mastery learning concept will only be achieved if additional learning takes place between quiz attempts.
- How can they be used for practice/feedback?
- Potentially one on SCORM compliance.
Note: Shorts can be turned into short video tutorials and place on the ANGEL Community Hub.
2) A Town Hall
Note: ANGEL Community Hub Town Halls are two hour sessions that focusing on a particular topic. Participants can attend in person or via Adobe Connect. Town Halls are recorded and posted on the ANGEL Community Hub for additional viewing.
Uses for ANGEL Quizzes
ANGEL quizzes have several powerful uses. They can be given at the beginning of a lesson to assess the student's prior knowledge of the topic thus enabling instructors to adopt their lesson plan accordingly. This can be followed by a lesson post test to both measure learning and determine next steps. They can be used by students as a learning tool through the practice and feedback mechanisms. Low-stakes quizzing can increase students' awareness of their progress and provide instructors with the opportunity to monitor the progress of their students' learning.
From "Engaging Students with Learning" ANGEL group The quiz feature is a prominent way to prepare students for class and to monitor their progress.
- In one course, students review clinical cases, develop diagnoses and treatment interventions, and share these with the class. Students take short quizzes on clinical disorders and diagnoses. The instructor provides online feedback to students in the form of suggestions, evaluation, and questions for discussion.
- ANGEL's quiz capabilities, especially the ability to control availability, permit multiple attempts, and grades online were essential to this technique.
- Quizzes are used for homework, eliminating the need to grade 148 homework submissions.
- Students take thirteen to seventeen online quizzes that require the use of their textbook through figure/graph/table interpretation and solving of problems. The goal is to foster responsible student behavior, encourage them to open their textbooks, help them find answers in their textbook, and encourage them to work together.
- Quizzes are used to track and monitor students.
- Lecture notes and PowerPoint presentations are uploaded into ANGEL. Weekly problems are posted in ANGEL and submitted using drop boxes. Weekly quizzes and tracking tools are used to see who has completed the assignment.
- Quiz at beginning of course to ensure students read syllabus. Useful for large-enrollment or online/hybrid. Usually multiple choice or true-false
- Spanish class - Quiz in first weeks ask students to type accented words as a way to practice accent codes on all future quizzes. Fill in blank to check for exact match.
- Nutrition class - Open answer quiz in which students evaluate effects of weekly diet on male college students. Students enter short paragraph for each question (e.g. "Was there enough protein in the diet?"). Instructor liked format for reading results even though they all had to be hand graded.
Pre-class quizzes function to prepare students for class, enabling instructors to cover more in-depth materials during the class time. Administering quizzes online also saves the time it would take to give them in class. Thus, ANGEL quizzes can improve the overall quality of the time a student spends in the classroom via increased communication, better preparation for class, and essentially providing more class time.
Note: Provide concrete examples of uses. Perhaps even mini tutorials or video samples.
Key Features of ANGEL Quizzes
ANGEL quizzes support the creation of several different question types. Additionally, each question type is capable of incorporating multimedia into the body of a question. Students can examine a photograph, listen to audio, or watch a video embedded into a question and respond. Instructors can randomize questions and answers, set beginning and end dates for quizzes, set time limits, enable or disable other items depending on student results, create mastery quizzes, limit the number of student attempts, and combine online and offline items into a single quiz. Additionally, instructors can utilize the testing center for higher stakes quizzes and have the student results populate to the gradebook.
- For Tom Bowers, PSH, abnormal psychology class, in the Spring of 2009, he plans to administer ANGEL quizzes to allow him to look at inter-item relationships, item/exam difficulty, the contribution of each item to the overall score and similar very important information.
Quiz Question Types
There are eleven types of questions available to faculty:
- Multiple Choice: Presents users with a question followed by a list of choices. Only one choice may be selected.
- Multiple Select: Presents users with a question followed by a list of choices. Multiple selections are allowed.
- Drop-down List: Presents users with a question followed by a drop-down list of choices. Only one choice may be selected.
- True False: Presents users with a statement which they must determine to be either true or false.
- Matching: Presents users with a list of terms and definitions to be matched.
- Ordering: Presents users with a list of items to be placed in the correct sequence.
- Fill-in-the-Blank: Presents users with a question followed by a single-line answer box. Responses are automatically graded against a list of allowed answers.
- Fill-in-Multiple Blanks: Presents users with a question followed by multiple single-line answer boxes. Responses are automatically graded against a list of allowed answers.
- Short Answers: Presents users with a question followed by single-line answer box. Responses must be manually graded.
- Essay: Presents users with a question followed by a multiple-line answer area. Responses must be manually graded.
- Off-Line: Presents users with a question to be completed offline (no answer field appears). Responses must be manually graded.
Pedagogical Rationale
What kind(s) of learning is best suited for each question type?
- Facts: Multiple Choice, Multiple Select, Drop-down List, True False, Fill-in-the-Blank
- Concepts: Multiple Choice, Multiple Select, Drop-down List, True False, Fill-in-the-Blank
- Rules/Procedures: Matching, Ordering
- Problem Solving: Short Answers, Off-Line
- Reflection: Essay, Off-Line
What is the assessment's objective(s)?
- Provide student feedback (individualized, general)
- Student's self-assessment (perhaps non-graded)
- Mastery
- Practice/monitor student progress
- Learning
- Demonstrate, process, and/or use knowledge
What is the timing of the assessment?
- Pre
- During (formative)
- After (summative)
Pedagogical Settings
- Start/End Dates
- Time limits
- Randomize Questions
- Randomize Answers
- Max Attempts
Quiz Resources
Place links to valuable reference sites here
TLT Learning Design Hub: Effective Quiz Questions
http://ets.tlt.psu.edu/learningdesign/effective_questions and
Grading & Assessment
http://ets.tlt.psu.edu/learningdesign/assessment
Editor: Vicki Williams
9 Principles of Good Practice for Assessing Student Learning http://www.iuk.edu/~koctla/assessment/9principles.shtml
Assessment and Evaluation - links from University of Maryland's Instructional Services http://www.oit.umd.edu/units/as/cats.html
Assessment as Feedback by Grant Wiggins http://www.newhorizons.org/strategies/assess/wiggins.htm
Authentic Assessment Toolbox by Jon Mueller http://jonathan.mueller.faculty.noctrl.edu/toolbox/index.htm
Matching Objectives and Assessment - TLT http://tlt.its.psu.edu/suggestions/research/Objectives_assessment.shtml
EDUCAUSE resources: Oblinger, D. (July 2006). Technology and learning: Defining what you want to assess. Educause Learning Initiative. Retrieved October 24, 2006 at http://www.educause.edu/LibraryDetailPage/666?ID=ELI3005
Caruso, J. B. (2006). Measuring student experiences with course management systems. Educause Center for Applied Research Bulletin. Vol. 2006, Issue 19, September 12, 2006. Retrieved on October 23, 2006 at http://www.educause.edu/LibraryDetailPage/666?ID=ERB0619
Schreyer Institute Links: Classroom Assessment Techniques http://www.schreyerinstitute.psu.edu/Resources/class_assessment.asp Assessment that Promotes Learning http://www.schreyerinstitute.psu.edu/Resources/Assessment-Learning.asp Using Tests that Teach http://www.schreyerinstitute.psu.edu/Services/Assessment/Testing/ Using Mid-semester Feedback http://www.schreyerinstitute.psu.edu/Services/Assessment/MidsemesterFeedback/ Schreyer Blog: Test Better Teach Better http://www.blog.schreyerinstitute.psu.edu/index.php?q=node/10
Suggestions and Enhancement Ideas
We'll use this to document suggestions to submit to the ANGEL Team here at Penn State as well as share them with ANGEL Learning
- Using ANGEL Quizzes as gaming engines. Using the LOCK and UNLOCK features in quizzes, it;s possible to set up a "choose your own adventure" type game where proper responses to quiz questions can lead to an optimal "win" state. This could be used in virtually any course that had some low cognitive level facts and/or concepts students need to memorize/recall. It could also be used for higher-level cognitive skills, but might require some instructor intervention at key points to assess a student's input, especially at the problem-solving level.
Quiz Tags
What are the keywords we should use for easy user aggregation?
Meeting Notes 6/30
Examples of quiz uses
- Weekly quizzes especially with freshman serves two purposes: 1)It helps to keep them current and 2) it conditions them to get used to accessing content via ANGEL and online in general.
- Some colleges use ANGEL for mastery quizzes (multiple chances to demonstrate proof of learning), e.g. Math 021
- Self-checks prior to doing official assignments. Students can take practice questions and see immediate feedback. This is possible prior to doing homework where they would receive similar questions but for credit.
- Drill and practice, e.g. Horticulture uses quizzes to aid students in the identification of plants.
- Certificate courses for Ag. Extension. At the end of each step students take a multiple-choice or short answer quiz (approximatey 3 questions). Depending on the students score select content then becmes available to them (via the Action Editor?).
- iStudy uses them as a way for student to begin applying the concepts covered in the material.
Common question types used
- Multiple-Choice questions are used for both drill and practice as well as application type questions. It is a popular question type because of its ease of use. m/C for drill and
- Better Kid Care uses essay questions
- Section Headers are used to break out questions by topic or question type. Also they can include an image, graph, or media file that covers several questions.
- The Random questions feature is used sparingly. There are several reasons for this: This features works best when you have a large question bank to pull from. The original version of the tool was not truly random and instructors lost confidence in it. Areas are starting to use it. Examples of use include drill and practice, learning a language, math, and science learning. Random Questions as well as building Question Banks may be an area where we could add value
Incorporating Applications and Content Outside of ANGEL
- Many instructors and departments are using questions from electronic textbooks, e.g. Math 021 and 022, Chem 011 and 012, accounting and the business school.
- Many instructors and departments are using third part applications, such as Raptivity, Softchalk and Adobe Captivate. Some of the applications may or may not be used in conjunction with tools such as the gradebook, e.g. Captivate can be. We need to see if and how these third part applications are SCORM compliant and how they can be tied into ANGEL.
Team Decisions
- Not to re-invent the wheel. Aggregate resources whenever possible.
- We should begin with the pedagogical and build out from there. We should rely heavily on examples and tutorials then direct instructors to the additional resources that are available, e.g. Schreyer, Learning Design Hub, etc.
- For our next meeting: Map a plan of action
- Define our deliverables
- Determin the format
- Assign responsibilities
Meeting Notes 7/7/08
Team Charge
- Jeff received the go-ahead to proceed from JTH last week.
- The team agreed on the Charge (see the top of the document)
- JTH will share this with interested parties.
- The team can share the charge as well.
Three Items of Focus
- The team will focus on three opportunities to grow the use of ANGEl quizzes. There are the use of:
- 1. Question Banks/Question Pools
- 2. Third party applications along with ANGEL
- 3. Embedded multimedia files
- The format and process were agreed upon.
- See the three "working" pages created.
Next Steps
Before next Monday's meeting:
- Sign up for the item you are interested working on
- Begin answering the questions associated with your item
Meeting Notes 7/21/08
- The ANGELshort Publication dates are:
- 9/26/08 Question Banks
- 10/31/08 Embedding Multimedia
- 11/21/08 Third party applications: Adobe
- 01/30/09 Third Part Applications: Textbooks
- Jeff will do a draft of Question Banks Short. Will share with the team by week of 8/4
- Added a Troubleshooting section to the document.
- This section will be different from resources. Resources are more informational whereas troubleshooting willbe about getting immediate assistance. It will list the contact information to go to when encountering specific issues. e.g. if the problem is with ANGEL go to your support person, contact the help desk.
- Related Publications
- These are topics that are related to the main topic. May be published as an addendum ANGELshort, on the Community Hub, or as a video tutorial. Additional topics for question banks include:
- Importing questions from word
- Using a Word template
- These are topics that are related to the main topic. May be published as an addendum ANGELshort, on the Community Hub, or as a video tutorial. Additional topics for question banks include:
- Recording of today's meeting
Summary of the 9/22/08 Meeting
- We have completed a full cycle of the process therefore there in no longer a need to meet weekly. Instead we will work via the wiki, as we have been, and meet monthly to review the materials to be published.
- The ANGELshort covering Question Banks will be published Friday, 9/26. In addition to the pdf file there is a video tutorial. Question Bank Video
- The next topic is embedding media files (to be published 10/31/08). Please add your examples, resources, comments, and suggests to the Multimedia files page.
- Additional topics to be covered include:
- Adobe Connect (to be published 11/21/08)
- Question Banks from textbook publishers (1/30/09)
- The information we've released via the ANGEL Community Hub has been getting a lot of hits.
- The Quizzing Overview page has 304 reads
- The Using Section Headers page has 78 reads
- Next up our our team "to-do" list is to continue adding to the multimedia wiki page. I will send out weekly status updates in order to keep everyone in the loop. We will meet again on one month,
